Homer Posted February 18, 2010 Share Posted February 18, 2010 Similar to the BPU FAQ, I've been working on a similar one for APU. Please review post no2 and provide feedback on content and structure. Any feedback is appreciated (if you disagree with anything please say so and explain why). There is no bad feedback Please read before replying: - This is the first section of a long FAQ for the single turbo conversion - The intention of this section is to introduce "newbie's" to the fundemantal information and considerations taken when choosing a single turbo setup - There are 7 other sections, this 'fundamentals' section is not intended to cover these, it's just an introduction. The other sections will cover: * Turbocharger choice * Manifold choice * Fuel system selection * Gearbox considerations * ECU/mapper options * Parts required * Sample kits & prices I'll also post a review thread for these once I'm happy with them (and finished writing them!). This 'fundamentals' thread is the most difficult as it's not really techincal, so need your help to get it as accurate and informative as possible. TIA Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Homer Posted February 18, 2010 Author Share Posted February 18, 2010 Name: Single Turbo Also known as: APU (Advanced Performance Upgrade) What is it? The stock TT system, when run at full BPU can achieve 400bhp, with cams, ECU, injectors, etc up to 440bhp. With hybrids, 450bhp. Due to limitations of the stock manifold and turbine sizes available it is not possible to achieve more power without moving to more advanced modifications. If more than 450bhp is desired the entire stock turbo system needs to be replaced, along with many other items. Single turbo conversions can generate as little or as much power as your budget and requirements allow, anywhere between 350 and 1000+bhp can be achieved on the 2JZ engine How it works The single turbo conversion replaces the exhaust side of the engine, essentially everything from the exhaust ports on the head to the 2nd decat pipe. A high flow manifold, high performance external wastegate and a single, though much larger, turbocharger is installed. Fundamentals of Single turbo conversions The single larger turbo charger can produce a much higher air flow than the small, stock, turbochargers. This allows: 1) Far higher boost levels to be achieved (Stock turbo’s are designed to run at 0.76bar, but can be raised to 1.2bar, though this will shorten their life). Most of the single turbo chargers are designed to work at much higher boost levels and they are most efficient between 1.6 and 2.0 bar. However this is turbo charger dependant as each are designed differently and have a efficiency island which can be seen on the manufactures compressor map . 2) Due to simpler design and much larger size it is more efficient when used to produce higher levels of boost. The compressed air it produces at any given boost will be cooler than that from the stock system; Cooler air = More power. Anyone who has driven a turbocharged car in both the summer and winter will know just how significant this difference can be! As an example, a stock TT BPU car will produce approx 400bhp at 1.2bar, while a mid sized single at the same boost pressure will produce approx 500bhp Since the turbocharger change replaces so many of the stock components many other items are required to make the system work (full details below). These include a mappable ECU, boost controller, larger injectors, uprated fuel pump, various gauges, etc. It is not a simple a bolt-on upgrade Choosing the right conversion for you This area is often the most discussed item when considering a single turbo conversion. It is a minefield or information and misinformation alike! Power objectives This might seem like a simple decision but is far more complex than would initially appear. There are many factors to take into consideration. The very first decision on selecting a turbo kit is to understand your performance requirements and use of the car. In general, if the car is to be used as road car then typical power goals will be between 500 and 600bhp. This might not sound like much when compared to some of the higher specification cars, however this level of power is more than 99.5% of cars on the British roads today and the performance is breathtaking. More than this level of power will make it a demanding car to use on the road and will tend to be for those that are experienced drivers and/or those that use the car for track days or drag racing. The cars use Is it a weekend car, or used daily? Is it planned to be used in track or drag racing? The components used and much of the specification of the best single conversion for you will be based on the answer to this question. For example, a drag car will typically use a very large turbo, high lift cams and many other high end components to get as much power as possible towards the higher RPM's, but for a short period each time it’s used (12s or less) A track car will be build for a balance between power delivery and durability. As road car, well that's just down to what you prefer to drive on the road, though the specification will be closer to that of a track car. Your budget Possibly one of the most often discussed items for conversion and most hotly contested! A typical conversion price, using new, high quality parts will be around £7k. However, this can vary greatly dependant on the modifications already installed, the cars gearbox and obviously your power and reliability goals. In summary: Decide the above 3 points and then consider if a single conversion is viable for you. There is an often quoted truism: "Cheap, Reliable, Fast - Pick two". Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Homer Posted February 18, 2010 Author Share Posted February 18, 2010 .. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mcgoo Posted February 18, 2010 Share Posted February 18, 2010 I am a total novice where singles are concerned, but its an easy read and informative. I'm looking forward to reading the rest. Who knows it may even tempt me! Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
shima60 Posted February 18, 2010 Share Posted February 18, 2010 lol i'm doing this now so far i'm up to 7k god its expencive making a car fast and reliable. good info though cheers Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Jamesy Posted February 18, 2010 Share Posted February 18, 2010 Very informative and easy to follow homer is getting me all tempted again?!!!!!! Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Suprab1 Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Well done Homer, I think alot of people will benefit from this including me Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
nigelboyne Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 well done homer Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Gaz6002 Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Is this guide going to assume people are buying kits, or is it going to include designing your own bespoke system? Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Septic Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Wow man- really informative guide. Can't wait for more info. Great job Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
caseys Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 So how come APU only covers Single conversion? Surely it should also state the (much less treaded) big twin path? Admittedly you replace just as much as a single conversion. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
The-Plethora Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Looks good to me, I think it would be useful to put details of gearboxes in though, some people say the auto will take 450 others 500BHp, I presume with the 7 K price quoted that leaves 3K spare for the required auto to manual conversion? I often see 10K thrown around as the price for a single conversion. Details of any possible replacement autobox would be cool. Nice work Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
dandan Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Nice one Homer - looking forward to seeing this little lot! Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Mcgoo Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Looks good to me, I think it would be useful to put details of gearboxes in though, some people say the auto will take 450 others 500BHp, I presume with the 7 K price quoted that leaves 3K spare for the required auto to manual conversion? I often see 10K thrown around as the price for a single conversion. Details of any possible replacement autobox would be cool. Nice work - There are 7 other sections, this 'fundamentals' section is not intended to cover these, it's just an introduction. The other sections will cover: * Turbocharger choice * Manifold choice * Fuel system selection * Gearbox considerations * ECU/mapper options * Parts required * Sample kits & prices TIA Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Thorin Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Although gearbox considerations is earmarked as a later topic it should probably be briefly mentioned in this first section that the auto is a limiting factor ~500BHP. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
sdistc Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Good work, Darryl! Perhaps a few bits of information to include would be an example of each "size" of single upgrade - i.e. "small" single = edit: on consideration, this is probably getting more specific than the "basic guide" will cover. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Homer Posted February 19, 2010 Author Share Posted February 19, 2010 Thanks for all the feedback so far, some good comments have been made Is there anything else missing in this introduction section? Not sure why but it feels a bit incomplete right now.. Is this guide going to assume people are buying kits, or is it going to include designing your own bespoke system? Originally it was going to be the former, but after starting it, it soon became apparent it wasn't possible to advise any kit without explaining all other considerations. The purpose is to inform people of the considerations needed to select the correct kit or parts based on their requirements, budget and use so will essentially cover both aspects So how come APU only covers Single conversion? Surely it should also state the (much less treaded) big twin path? Admittedly you replace just as much as a single conversion. Originally I was going to cover single and twin. But the amount of work involved to explain even the single conversion is enough. I will try and cover the twin turbo route after the single one is complete, however at this stage I don't have enough knowledge of the setup to do that. Although gearbox considerations is earmarked as a later topic it should probably be briefly mentioned in this first section that the auto is a limiting factor ~500BHP. That's a good point. Although there is already a section written about the auto box I will add a sumary to the indrouction too to make sure it gets captured early on. Perhaps a few bits of information to include would be an example of each "size" of single upgrade - i.e. "small" single = edit: on consideration, this is probably getting more specific than the "basic guide" will cover. The turbo selection, torque and bhp delivery will be covered in the 'turbocharger choice' section. I don't want to get into drag racing stats though, very few are interested in it here and figures acheived in the UK don't really have any bearing on the conversion spec. It's not really something that can be easily quantified so prefer not to get into that level detail at this stage, as you say it's getting a bit too specific. Could be something to add once the main sections are complete though. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
adnanshah247 Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 god Homer is a brilliant guy! Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
edge Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 Nice work! Alot have asked what hp the engine can take without upgrading internals but as we know it depends on mileage, condition, compreesion tests etc. So something like that? Oh and how many MPG will i get questions. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Smallshinyant Posted February 19, 2010 Share Posted February 19, 2010 nice work, really easy to read, for my low level of understanding. can i have diagrams when you go into more detail please I like where this is going and can see the later sections pointing me in directions of new car/upgrade options with an end goal of a single. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
sdistc Posted February 20, 2010 Share Posted February 20, 2010 The turbo selection, torque and bhp delivery will be covered in the 'turbocharger choice' section. I don't want to get into drag racing stats though, very few are interested in it here and figures acheived in the UK don't really have any bearing on the conversion spec. It's not really something that can be easily quantified so prefer not to get into that level detail at this stage, as you say it's getting a bit too specific. Could be something to add once the main sections are complete though. Yeah - I was just trying to find some data to be used to indicate exactly how the car performs. While people may not be keen on drag racing over here, I think it still gives a good indication of acceleration... or perhaps I should ask, if drag stats aren't used how do people know how fast a car is over here? Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Wez Posted February 20, 2010 Share Posted February 20, 2010 Nice work matey Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Homer Posted March 2, 2010 Author Share Posted March 2, 2010 *bump* Any more feedback on this before posting the next section(s)? Any feedback is very much welcome, those that disagree with any statements can often be more helpful than those that agree! Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
caseys Posted March 2, 2010 Share Posted March 2, 2010 *bump* Any more feedback on this before posting the next section(s)? Any feedback is very much welcome, those that disagree with any statements can often be more helpful than those that agree! Could we suggest project threads as build references? I.e to give examples of what people have previously covered? If we could suggest a few threads that'd make good examples and then have a poll? I'm not after any thread that singles out one kit, but maybe have a multitude. Ones done locally, in foreign countries, diy, by an auth'd trader, big singles, small singles, track/drag/street intentional setips/spec? Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Jamesy Posted March 2, 2010 Share Posted March 2, 2010 The thing that confuses me the most is all the different specs of turbos available. Would be great to have a list of them and their particulars like max bhp, lag, spool etc etc...but then i guess that would be a massive project to get it altogether!! Also would be good to know what size injectors are best suited to different turbos. I am full bpu, so i think from your list i'd need: * Turbo kit * injectors (size?) * fuel rail? * ecu (prob ryans new AEM model) * mapping Now i "think" thats it going from your list, but i wouldn't know where to start on the injectors and turbo kit tbh! Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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